How to Cite
SR, S. (1). Timing in Speech : A Review of Literature. Journal of All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, 15(1), 7-24. Retrieved from http://203.129.241.91/jaiish/index.php/aiish/article/view/900
Abstract
The paper reviews the literature on durational models, role of duration in speech perception and factors affecting the duration of speech sounds. In the course of discussion, several areas warranting further research have been identified. Further, the paper briefly dwells on the notions of ancient Indian scholars on durational models.
References
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Amaresa, "Varnaratna Pradipika Ś iksa". in Ś iksa Snmgrahah, Benares Printing Press, Benares, 1893.
Bharata Muni Ndtya Sastram, Granthalaya Pvt. Ltd,, Calcutta, 1967 (100 B.C.-200 A.D.). Carlson, R., et al (1973), Cit. in STL-QPSK 1/1975.
Carlson, R., Granstrom, Lindblom, B. and Rapp (1972.) Cit. in STL-QPSR, 1/1975.
Cole, R. A. and Cooper, W. E. (1975), Cit in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in
English: Acoustic and perceptual evidence, by Klatt D.H., J. Acoust. Soc. Amer.,
Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Creelman, C. D., (1962), Cit. in Production and Perception of Vowel Duration : A Study of Dumtional Properties of Vowels in Dutch by Noote boom, S. G., 1973.
Delattre, P. C., "Some factors of vowel duration and their cross-linguistic validity", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 34, 1141-1143, 1962.
Disimoni, F. G., "Influence of consonant environment on the duration of vowels in the speech of 3, 6 and 9 years old children ", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 55, 362-363, 1974.
Fintoft, K., "Th e duration of some Norweigan speech sounds" , Phonetica, Vol. 7, 19-39, 1961.
Gay, T., et at. (1974), Cit. in "Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence " by Klatt, D. H., /. Acoust. Soc Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Gaitenby, J. (196.5), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English: Acoustic and perceptual evidence by Klatt, D. H., /. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Goldman-Eisler, F. (1968), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence " by Klatt, D. H-, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59,1208-1221.
Halle, M. and Stevens, K. N. (1967), Cit. in Suprasegmentals, Edited by Lehiste, I., M.I.T. Press, Massachusetts, 1970.
House, A. S. and Fairbanks (1953), Cit. in Suprasegmentals, Edited by Lehiste, I., M.I.T. Press, Meassachusetts, 1970.
Huggins, A. W. F. , (1964), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental (1972a) duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence ; by Klatt, D. H-, /. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Katyayana " Suklayajus Pratisakhya" in Ś iksa Somgrahah, Benares Printing Press, Benares, 1893.
Khozhevnikov and Christovich, H. A. (1965), Cit. in Production and Perception of Vowel Duration: A Study of Durational Properties of Vowels in Dutch by Nooteboom, S. G.,1973
Klatt, D. H., " The duration of /S/ in English words" , J. of Speech and Hearing
Research, 17, 51-63, 1974.
Klatt,D . H. (1975-76), "Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer, Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Lehiste, I. (1975a), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence ",J . Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Lehiste, I., Olive, J. P. and Streeter, L. A., "Role of duration in disambiguating syntactically ambiguous sentences", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 69, 1199-1202, 1976.
Liberman, etal. (1956), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence by Klatt, D. H., J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Lindblom, B. (1967, 75), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence",J/. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Lomasa "Lomas a Siksa "in Siksa Samgrahah, Benares Printing Press, Benares, 1893.
Lyberg, B., "Some observations on the vowel duration and the fundamental contour in /Swedish utterances", J. of Phonetics, Vol. 9, 261-273, 1981.
Maack (1953), Cit. in Suprasegmentals, edited by Lehiste, I., M.I.T. Press, Massachusetts, 1971.
Martin, J. G. (1970), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol.59, 1208-1221.
Michon, J. A. (1967), Cit. in Production and Perception of Vowel Duration : A Study of Durational Properties of Vowels in Dutch by Nooteboom, S. G., 1973.
Nagesabhatta, Kaiyyata Pradipa, Kashinath Press, Kashi, 1935. Narada (1150 A.D.), "Narada Siksa" in Siksa Ssmgrahah, Benares Printing Press, Benares, 1893.
Nooteboom, S. G. (1971, 73, 75), Cit .in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence ", acoust. Sec. Amer., Vol. 59, P.08-1221.
Nooteboom, S. G., "The phonetic feature of vowel length in Dutch''- language and
Speech, Vol.15, 301-316, 1972.
Nooteboom, S. G., "Production and perception of vowel duration. A study of durational properties of vowel in Dutch", language and Speech, Vol. 15, 1973.
Ohala (1973), Cit. in Contemporary Issues on experimental Phonetics by Norman Lass, Academic Press, New York, 1976.
Ohala (1975) Cit. in STL, QPSR, 1/1975. Ohala (1975), Cit. in STL,, QPSR, 1/1975.
Oller, D. K. (1973), Cit. in "Linguistic uses .of segmental duration in English: Acoustic and perceptual evidence" by Klatt,D.H .J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol 59, 1208-1221.
Paniniya Siksa, Benares Printing Press, Benares., 1887.
Parmenter, C. E. and Trevino, S.N," The length of the sounds of the middle Westerner", American Speech, Vol. 10, 129-133. 1936.
Rajapurohit, B. B., Acoustic Characteristics of kannada, CHL occasional monograph
series 27, Mysore, 1982.
Savithri, S. R., "Primary effort and quantty an experimental verification", Thesis submitted to the University of Mysore 1983.
Savithri, S. R., "Relationship between the fundamental frequency and duration unpublished research conducted at AIISH, Mysore 1984a,.
Savithri, S. R.," Durational analysis of Kannada vowels unpublished research conducted at AIISH, Mysore, 1985b.
Saunaka, Taittinya Pratisakhya, Oriental Research institute Mysore, 1978. Rg Veda Pratisakhya, Vidyavilas press, Benares, 1903.
Speech Transmission Laboratory Quaterly progress and Status Report (STL, QPSR),
April 15, 1975.
Suzaki, H. (1970), Cit. in Linguistic use of segmental duration in English Acoustic and perceptual evidence", J. Acoust. Soc Amer., Vol 59.1208-1221.
Sweetings, P.M., " VOT and vowel duration in a normal aged population". Dissertation
Abstract International, Vol. 40,101,1980.,
Taittinya Upanisat, Ramakrishna Mutt Madras,1921.
Triesman, M. (1963), Cit. in Production and preception of Vowel Duration : A Study of
Durational Properties of Vowels in Dutch by Nooteboom, S G., 1973.
Vyasacarya, Vyasa Siksa, Veda Mimansa Research Center , Varanasi, 1976.
Weismer, G. and Stathopoulous, "Theduration of stop consonants", J Acoust. Soc.
Amer., Vol. 65, 5-33, 1979.
Williams, C. and Stevens, P. (1972) Cit in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English: Acoustic and perceptual evidence by Katt,D H.,J . Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 12.08-1221.
Yajnavalkya, "Yajnavalkya Siksa' in Siksa ' Samgrahah Benares Printing Press, Benares,1893.
Zue, V. W. and Lafferriere, M., "Acoustic of t, d in American English", J. Acoust.
Soc. Amer., Vol. 66, 1039, 1979.
Amaresa, "Varnaratna Pradipika Ś iksa". in Ś iksa Snmgrahah, Benares Printing Press, Benares, 1893.
Bharata Muni Ndtya Sastram, Granthalaya Pvt. Ltd,, Calcutta, 1967 (100 B.C.-200 A.D.). Carlson, R., et al (1973), Cit. in STL-QPSK 1/1975.
Carlson, R., Granstrom, Lindblom, B. and Rapp (1972.) Cit. in STL-QPSR, 1/1975.
Cole, R. A. and Cooper, W. E. (1975), Cit in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in
English: Acoustic and perceptual evidence, by Klatt D.H., J. Acoust. Soc. Amer.,
Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Creelman, C. D., (1962), Cit. in Production and Perception of Vowel Duration : A Study of Dumtional Properties of Vowels in Dutch by Noote boom, S. G., 1973.
Delattre, P. C., "Some factors of vowel duration and their cross-linguistic validity", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 34, 1141-1143, 1962.
Disimoni, F. G., "Influence of consonant environment on the duration of vowels in the speech of 3, 6 and 9 years old children ", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 55, 362-363, 1974.
Fintoft, K., "Th e duration of some Norweigan speech sounds" , Phonetica, Vol. 7, 19-39, 1961.
Gay, T., et at. (1974), Cit. in "Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence " by Klatt, D. H., /. Acoust. Soc Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Gaitenby, J. (196.5), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English: Acoustic and perceptual evidence by Klatt, D. H., /. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Goldman-Eisler, F. (1968), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence " by Klatt, D. H-, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59,1208-1221.
Halle, M. and Stevens, K. N. (1967), Cit. in Suprasegmentals, Edited by Lehiste, I., M.I.T. Press, Massachusetts, 1970.
House, A. S. and Fairbanks (1953), Cit. in Suprasegmentals, Edited by Lehiste, I., M.I.T. Press, Meassachusetts, 1970.
Huggins, A. W. F. , (1964), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental (1972a) duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence ; by Klatt, D. H-, /. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Katyayana " Suklayajus Pratisakhya" in Ś iksa Somgrahah, Benares Printing Press, Benares, 1893.
Khozhevnikov and Christovich, H. A. (1965), Cit. in Production and Perception of Vowel Duration: A Study of Durational Properties of Vowels in Dutch by Nooteboom, S. G.,1973
Klatt, D. H., " The duration of /S/ in English words" , J. of Speech and Hearing
Research, 17, 51-63, 1974.
Klatt,D . H. (1975-76), "Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer, Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Lehiste, I. (1975a), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence ",J . Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Lehiste, I., Olive, J. P. and Streeter, L. A., "Role of duration in disambiguating syntactically ambiguous sentences", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 69, 1199-1202, 1976.
Liberman, etal. (1956), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence by Klatt, D. H., J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Lindblom, B. (1967, 75), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence",J/. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 1208-1221.
Lomasa "Lomas a Siksa "in Siksa Samgrahah, Benares Printing Press, Benares, 1893.
Lyberg, B., "Some observations on the vowel duration and the fundamental contour in /Swedish utterances", J. of Phonetics, Vol. 9, 261-273, 1981.
Maack (1953), Cit. in Suprasegmentals, edited by Lehiste, I., M.I.T. Press, Massachusetts, 1971.
Martin, J. G. (1970), Cit. in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol.59, 1208-1221.
Michon, J. A. (1967), Cit. in Production and Perception of Vowel Duration : A Study of Durational Properties of Vowels in Dutch by Nooteboom, S. G., 1973.
Nagesabhatta, Kaiyyata Pradipa, Kashinath Press, Kashi, 1935. Narada (1150 A.D.), "Narada Siksa" in Siksa Ssmgrahah, Benares Printing Press, Benares, 1893.
Nooteboom, S. G. (1971, 73, 75), Cit .in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English : Acoustic and perceptual evidence ", acoust. Sec. Amer., Vol. 59, P.08-1221.
Nooteboom, S. G., "The phonetic feature of vowel length in Dutch''- language and
Speech, Vol.15, 301-316, 1972.
Nooteboom, S. G., "Production and perception of vowel duration. A study of durational properties of vowel in Dutch", language and Speech, Vol. 15, 1973.
Ohala (1973), Cit. in Contemporary Issues on experimental Phonetics by Norman Lass, Academic Press, New York, 1976.
Ohala (1975) Cit. in STL, QPSR, 1/1975. Ohala (1975), Cit. in STL,, QPSR, 1/1975.
Oller, D. K. (1973), Cit. in "Linguistic uses .of segmental duration in English: Acoustic and perceptual evidence" by Klatt,D.H .J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol 59, 1208-1221.
Paniniya Siksa, Benares Printing Press, Benares., 1887.
Parmenter, C. E. and Trevino, S.N," The length of the sounds of the middle Westerner", American Speech, Vol. 10, 129-133. 1936.
Rajapurohit, B. B., Acoustic Characteristics of kannada, CHL occasional monograph
series 27, Mysore, 1982.
Savithri, S. R., "Primary effort and quantty an experimental verification", Thesis submitted to the University of Mysore 1983.
Savithri, S. R., "Relationship between the fundamental frequency and duration unpublished research conducted at AIISH, Mysore 1984a,.
Savithri, S. R.," Durational analysis of Kannada vowels unpublished research conducted at AIISH, Mysore, 1985b.
Saunaka, Taittinya Pratisakhya, Oriental Research institute Mysore, 1978. Rg Veda Pratisakhya, Vidyavilas press, Benares, 1903.
Speech Transmission Laboratory Quaterly progress and Status Report (STL, QPSR),
April 15, 1975.
Suzaki, H. (1970), Cit. in Linguistic use of segmental duration in English Acoustic and perceptual evidence", J. Acoust. Soc Amer., Vol 59.1208-1221.
Sweetings, P.M., " VOT and vowel duration in a normal aged population". Dissertation
Abstract International, Vol. 40,101,1980.,
Taittinya Upanisat, Ramakrishna Mutt Madras,1921.
Triesman, M. (1963), Cit. in Production and preception of Vowel Duration : A Study of
Durational Properties of Vowels in Dutch by Nooteboom, S G., 1973.
Vyasacarya, Vyasa Siksa, Veda Mimansa Research Center , Varanasi, 1976.
Weismer, G. and Stathopoulous, "Theduration of stop consonants", J Acoust. Soc.
Amer., Vol. 65, 5-33, 1979.
Williams, C. and Stevens, P. (1972) Cit in Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English: Acoustic and perceptual evidence by Katt,D H.,J . Acoust. Soc. Amer., Vol. 59, 12.08-1221.
Yajnavalkya, "Yajnavalkya Siksa' in Siksa ' Samgrahah Benares Printing Press, Benares,1893.
Zue, V. W. and Lafferriere, M., "Acoustic of t, d in American English", J. Acoust.
Soc. Amer., Vol. 66, 1039, 1979.