Published
June 8, 1970
How to Cite
N, R. (1970). The battle of methods In the education of the deaf. Journal of All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, 1(1), 33-49. Retrieved from http://203.129.241.91/jaiish/index.php/aiish/article/view/88
Abstract
The education of the deaf has been among the earliest of the special educational problems to receive organized attention. Aristotle gave some thought to it and felt that the deaf could neither speak nor understand others' speech and that they were incapable of instruction (Silverman and Davis 1966). Cardano in the 16th Century established that the deaf could be taught to comprehend written symbols. That they could be taught speech was shown by the Spanish Ponce de Leon (1555). His compatriot Bonet in 1620 wrote a manual of speech teaching for the deaf. However, our recent traditions started from the 18th century with Abbe de l'Epee in France who advocated the use of the sign language and Heinicke about the same time in Germany who advocated oralism, that is, speech and speech reading. The first school in Scotland was started in 1760 and the one in England proper was started in 1792.
References
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Garretson, M. D. (1963) The simultaneous method, in Doctor P. V. (Ed.) (1963).
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Goldstein (1939) The Acoustic Method. St Louis: Laryngoscope Press.
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Huizing, H. C. (1959) Deaf-mutism—Modern trends in treatment and prevention. Advances in Otorhinolaryngology, 5: 71 Quoted by Stewart (1965).
Huizing, H. C. (1963)'Potential hearing in deaf children. Its early development and use for auditory communication.'
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Mason, M. K. (1943) A cinematographic technique for testing visual speech comprehension. F. Speech Dis.,8, 271.
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Neely, K. K. (1956) Effects of visual factors on the intelligibility of speech. F. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 28, 1275-1277.
O'Connor, C. D. (1960) Integration of graduates of the Lexington School for the deaf in programmes for the normally hearing, in Ewing (Ed.) (1960).
O'Neill, J. J. and Oyer, H. J. (1961) Visual Communication for the Hard of Hearing. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
Oyer, H. J. (1966) Auditory Communication for the Hard of Hearing: Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
Pauls, Miriam (1966) Speech Reading, in Davis and Silverman (Eds.) (1966).
Pettengill, B. D. (1878) The phraseology of the Deaf and dumb. Am. Annals of the Deaf. 23, 1.
Pintner, J. P. (1916) A measurement of the language ability of deaf children. Psychol. Review. 23, 6.
Pollack, D. (1964) Acoupedics: A Unisensory approach to auditory training. Volta Review. 66..
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Silverman, S. R. (1966) Teaching Speech, in Doctor P. V. (Ed.) (1966).
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Silverman, S. R. and Taylor, S. G. (1966) The choice and use of hearing aids, in Davis and Silverman (Eds.) (1966).
Sortini, A. J. (1959) Importance of individual hearing aids and early therapy for preschool children. F. Speech Hearing Dis., 24.
Stewart, J. L. (1965) Effectiveness of educational audiology on the language development of hearing handicapped children. Denver, Colo: University of Denver (Colorado Seminary) Stone, L. J. Fielder, M. F. and Fine, C. G. (1961) Preschool education of deaf children. F. Speech Hearing Dis., 26, 45.
Streng, A., Fitch, W. J., Hedgecoke, L. D., Phillips, J. W., Carrel, J. A. (1967) Hearing therapy for Children. New York: Grune and Stratton.
Sumby, W. H. and Pollack, I. (1954) Visual contribution to speech intelligibility in noise.F. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 26, 212-215.
Tracy, S. (1960). The John Tracy Clinic, in Ewing, A. W. G. (Ed.) (1960).
Vaughn, G. R. (1967), Education of deaf and hard of hearing adults in established facilities for the normally hearing. Pocatello, Idaho: Idaho State University.
Watson, T. J. (1961) The use of residual hearing in the education of deaf children. Volta Review, 63, 328.
Wedenberg, R. (1951) Auditory Training of the deaf and hard of hearing. Acta Otolaryngo- logica, Supp. 94.
Wedenberg, E. (1954) Auditory Training of severely hard of hearing preschool children Supp. Acta Otolaryngologica. 110.
Whetnall, E. (1953) Speech and Hearing in Severely deaf children. Amsterdam: Proceed- ings of the Fifth International Congress of Otorhinolaryngology, Quoted by Stewart (1965). Whetnall, E. (1956) The development of usable (residual) hearing in the deaf child. F. Laryngology and Otology 52, 630.
Whetnall, E. (1960) Clinics for children handicapped by deafness, in Ewing. (Ed.) (1960). Whetnall, E. and Fry, D. B. (1964) The Deaf Child. London: William Heinemann.
Babbridge et al. (1965) Education of the Deaf—a Report to the U.S. Deptt. of Health, Educa- tion & Welfare.
Bentzen, O. (1962) Hearing problems in children—Address to membership of Colorado Hearing Society.
Bowlby, J. (1965) Child Care and the Growth of Love. London: Penguin.
Carhart, R. (1966) Conservation of Speech, in Davis and Silverman (Eds.) (1966).
Carhart, R. (1966) Auditory Training, in Davis and Silverman (Eds.) (1966). Chandy, Jacob: Personal Communication.
Craig (1964) as quoted by Stewart (1965).
Davis, H. and Silverman, S. R. (Eds.) (1966) Hearing and Deafness: New York: Holt. Rinehart and Winston.
DiCarlo, L. M. (1964) The Deaf. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
DiCarlo, L. M. (1960) The effect of hearing one's own voice among children with impaired hearing, in Ewing (Ed.) (1960).
Doctor, P. V. (1963) Communication with the Deaf. Lanchaster, Penn: Intelligencer Printing.
Ewing, A. W. G. (Ed.) (1960) The Modern Educational Treatment of Deafness. Manchester: Manchester Univ. Press.
Ewing, A. W. G. and Ewing, E. C. (1967) Teaching Deaf Children to Talk. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Garretson, M. D. (1963) The simultaneous method, in Doctor P. V. (Ed.) (1963).
Gault, R. (1927-28) On the identification of certain vowel and consonant elements in words by tactual qualities and by their visual qualities as seen by lipreading. F. Abn. Psy. 22.
Goldstein (1939) The Acoustic Method. St Louis: Laryngoscope Press.
Haynes, M. A. (Ed.) (1961) Hearing. Proceedings of the Institute on the Rehabilitation of the Deaf and the Hard of Hearing.
Henderson, P. (1960) Handicapped children, in Ewing. (Ed.) (1960).
Herrick, H. M. and Kapur, Y. P. Education of the Deaf in India. Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore.
Hodgson, K. W. (1954) The Deaf and their Problems. Philosophical Library.
Hudgins, C. V. (1953) The response of profoundly deaf children to auditory training. F. Speech Hearing Dis., 18, 273-288.
Huizing, H. C. (1959) Deaf-mutism—Modern trends in treatment and prevention. Advances in Otorhinolaryngology, 5: 71 Quoted by Stewart (1965).
Huizing, H. C. (1963)'Potential hearing in deaf children. Its early development and use for auditory communication.'
Leonard, R. (1962) The effects of selected continuous auditory distractions on lipreading performance. M. A. Thesis, Michigan State University. Quoted by Oyer (1966).
Lorenz, K. (1952) King Solomon's Ring. London: Methuen.
Mason, M. K. (1943) A cinematographic technique for testing visual speech comprehension. F. Speech Dis.,8, 271.
McCroskey, R. L. (1967) Progress report on a home training program for deaf infants. Int. Audiology. 6, 2, 171.
McKeon, M. (1961) Rehabilitation of the deaf: educational aspects, in Haynes, M. A. (Ed.) (1961).
McLaughlin, H. F. (1960) Integration of deaf children into hearing society, in Ewing (Ed.) (1960).
Meyerson, L. A. (1955) Psychology of impaired hearing, in Cruickshank, W. M. (Ed.) (1955) Psychology of Exceptional Children. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
Neely, K. K. (1956) Effects of visual factors on the intelligibility of speech. F. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 28, 1275-1277.
O'Connor, C. D. (1960) Integration of graduates of the Lexington School for the deaf in programmes for the normally hearing, in Ewing (Ed.) (1960).
O'Neill, J. J. and Oyer, H. J. (1961) Visual Communication for the Hard of Hearing. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
Oyer, H. J. (1966) Auditory Communication for the Hard of Hearing: Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
Pauls, Miriam (1966) Speech Reading, in Davis and Silverman (Eds.) (1966).
Pettengill, B. D. (1878) The phraseology of the Deaf and dumb. Am. Annals of the Deaf. 23, 1.
Pintner, J. P. (1916) A measurement of the language ability of deaf children. Psychol. Review. 23, 6.
Pollack, D. (1964) Acoupedics: A Unisensory approach to auditory training. Volta Review. 66..
Riesen, A. H. (1947) The development of visual perception., in man and chimpanzee, Science, 106.
Silverman, S. R. (1966) Teaching Speech, in Doctor P. V. (Ed.) (1966).
Silverman, S. R. (1966) From Aristotle to Bell, in Davis and Silverman (Eds.) (1966). Silverman, S. R., Lane, H. S. and Doehrig, R. G. (1966) Deaf children, in Davis and Silverman
(Eds.) (1966).
Silverman, S. R. and Taylor, S. G. (1966) The choice and use of hearing aids, in Davis and Silverman (Eds.) (1966).
Sortini, A. J. (1959) Importance of individual hearing aids and early therapy for preschool children. F. Speech Hearing Dis., 24.
Stewart, J. L. (1965) Effectiveness of educational audiology on the language development of hearing handicapped children. Denver, Colo: University of Denver (Colorado Seminary) Stone, L. J. Fielder, M. F. and Fine, C. G. (1961) Preschool education of deaf children. F. Speech Hearing Dis., 26, 45.
Streng, A., Fitch, W. J., Hedgecoke, L. D., Phillips, J. W., Carrel, J. A. (1967) Hearing therapy for Children. New York: Grune and Stratton.
Sumby, W. H. and Pollack, I. (1954) Visual contribution to speech intelligibility in noise.F. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 26, 212-215.
Tracy, S. (1960). The John Tracy Clinic, in Ewing, A. W. G. (Ed.) (1960).
Vaughn, G. R. (1967), Education of deaf and hard of hearing adults in established facilities for the normally hearing. Pocatello, Idaho: Idaho State University.
Watson, T. J. (1961) The use of residual hearing in the education of deaf children. Volta Review, 63, 328.
Wedenberg, R. (1951) Auditory Training of the deaf and hard of hearing. Acta Otolaryngo- logica, Supp. 94.
Wedenberg, E. (1954) Auditory Training of severely hard of hearing preschool children Supp. Acta Otolaryngologica. 110.
Whetnall, E. (1953) Speech and Hearing in Severely deaf children. Amsterdam: Proceed- ings of the Fifth International Congress of Otorhinolaryngology, Quoted by Stewart (1965). Whetnall, E. (1956) The development of usable (residual) hearing in the deaf child. F. Laryngology and Otology 52, 630.
Whetnall, E. (1960) Clinics for children handicapped by deafness, in Ewing. (Ed.) (1960). Whetnall, E. and Fry, D. B. (1964) The Deaf Child. London: William Heinemann.