An Epidemiological Study on Children with Syndromic Hearing Loss

Abstract

Objectives: To study the epidemiological factors in children with syndromic hearing loss. Study design: Interview based prospective study. Settings: Govt. ENT Hospital, AYJNIHH, NIMH-SEC, and Schools for the Deaf-in Hyderabad and Secunderabad Patients: Children aged below 14 years, with hearing loss, their parents/guardians. Intervention(s): The study revealed type and degree of hearing impairment. In high risk groups genetic counseling was offered. Results: Epidemiological studies were carried out in 743 children below 14 years with hearing impairment and 138 (18.57%) were found to have syndromic deafness. Majority of the children with hearing loss have an association of ocular abnormality (22.46%, n=31) followed by skeletal anomalies 14.49% (n=20) and dental anomalies (10.86%). We observed 24 cases (3.21%) with genetically well recognized syndromes. Conclusion: Data is generated on epidemiological and etiology of Hearing Impairment. Hearing Impairment is due to both environmental and genetic causes. Environmental factors in 17 (13.77%), genetically inherited 21 cases (15.22%) and the cause is not known in the remaining cases. Such a data is required in order to offer genetic counseling to reduce the genetic burden.