Auditory Implants in Individuals with Goldenhar Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Case Reports

Abstract

Goldenhar syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that includes various signs and symptoms, including facial, auricular, ocular, vertebral, renal, lung, cardiovascular, and limb deformities. Such individuals have severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss as a common feature. However, implanting them with either cochlear implants or brainstem implants is challenging, and the article discusses literatures that have carried out these procedures based on a systematic review of case reports. Databases such as PubMed, J-Gate, and Google Scholar were used to extract the articles related to auditory implantation and Goldenhar syndrome.